Publikační činnost Katedry ochrany životního prostředí v průmyslu / Publication of Department of Environmental Protection in Industry (616)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10084/96403

Kolekce obsahuje bibliografické záznamy publikační činnosti (článků) akademických pracovníků Katedry ochrany životního prostředí v průmyslu (616) v časopisech registrovaných ve Web of Science od roku 2003 do roku 2022.
Do kolekce jsou zařazeny:
a) publikace, u nichž je v originálních dokumentech jako působiště autora (adresa) uvedena Vysoká škola báňská-Technická univerzita Ostrava (VŠB-TUO),
b) publikace, u nichž v originálních dokumentech není v adrese VŠB-TUO uvedena, ale autoři prokazatelně v době jejich zpracování a uveřejnění působili na VŠB-TUO.

Bibliografické záznamy byly původně vytvořeny v kolekci Publikační činnost akademických pracovníků VŠB-TUO, která sleduje publikování akademických pracovníků od roku 1990.

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Now showing 1 - 14 out of 14 results

Neutron activation analysis of PM10 for air quality of an industrial region in the Czech Republic: A case study
(MDPI, 2022) Niedobová, Barbora; Badawy, Wael M.; Dmitriev, Andrey Yu.; Jančík, Petr; Chepurchenko, Olica E.; Bulavin, Maksim V.; Belova, Maria O.
This work was conducted to focus on pollutant transmission between Poland and Czechia at the most polluted area in the Czech Republic, the Moravian Silesian region. Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and multivariate statistical analyses were used to determine the mass fractions of inorganic air pollutants accumulated on filters. Particle matters of sizes smaller than 10 mu m (PM10) were collected using a high-volume sampler (SAM Hi 30 AUTO WIND). Pollutants PM10 were collected on Whatman QM-A Quartz Microfiber Filters of 150 mm in diameter based on various wind conditions. These filters were irradiated by neutron flux at the experimental reactor IBR-2 at the Joint Institute of Nuclear Research in Dubna, RF. Irradiated samples were measured by gamma spectrometry techniques using HPGe detectors. In total, results are shown for 49 samples (from March to July 2021) and five field blank filters. The mass fractions of 24 elements (Sc, Cr, Fe, Ni, Co, Zn, Se, As, Br, Rb, Mo, Sb, Ba, Cs, La, Ce, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Hf, Au, Th, and U) were determined. The sources of pollution were specified using correlation and exploratory factor analyses and including meteorological conditions. A strong positive correlation was shown between the elements Cr, As, Br, Co, Fe, Sc, Se, Sm, Th, La, and Ce. Elemental exposure to PM10 can be divided based on the factor loadings of common chemical components into three main pollution sources. According to the wind rose, the pollution came from the southeast/west direction; therefore, we can assume that the pollution most likely originated from the metallurgic complex (steel and iron production in the southeast, and a coking plant, metal foundry, and generation plant in the west).
Monitoring of heavy metals and nitrogen concentrations in mosses in the vicinity of an integrated iron and steel plant: Case study in Czechia
(MDPI, 2021) Pavlíková, Irena; Motyka, Oldřich; Plášek, Vítězslav; Bitta, Jan
Featured Application The findings of this study can be applied in monitoring of atmospheric deposition of heavy metals and nitrogen on a local scale in order to better understand the pollution distribution in the surroundings of a local pollution source, especially in the context of the interpretation of the results respecting the principle's compositional data analyses. A biomonitoring study using terrestrial mosses was performed in the vicinity of an Integrated Iron and Steel plant near the Czech-Polish border. Moss samples were collected in two seasons (June, October) in order to embrace the effect of the heating season on the pollution levels. The contents of metals (Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, Sb and Hg) were determined using the Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES), Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and contents of N, C, H via elemental analysis. The influence of the proximity of the factory, the heating season and modelled concentrations of particulate matter <10 mu m (PM10) on determined concentrations of elements were studied via multivariate statistical methods using clr-transformed data. This approach led to the first-time demonstration that not only the distance from the industrial source but also the sampling season and PM10 concentrations significantly affect the elemental content in mosses; the association of the emissions from the source and the determined concentrations of elements in moss samples were more evident outside the heating season (October). The analyses of transformed data revealed the association of Fe, Cr, V, As and Al with the coarse particles and their dominant spatial distribution depending on the prevailing wind directions. The spatial distribution of Mn, Zn and Cd, which are carried by fine particles, appears to depend more on atmospheric dispersion and long-range transport, and, thus, these metals should be considered weak markers of the pollution load in the close surroundings of an industrial source.
Comparison of the air pollution mathematical model of PM10 and moss biomonitoring results in the Tritia Region
(MDPI, 2021) Svozilík, Vladislav; Svozilíková Krakovská, Aneta; Bitta, Jan; Jančík, Petr
Knowing the relationship between pollution sources and air pollution concentrations is crucial. Mathematical modeling is a suitable method for the assessment of this relationship. The aim of this research was to compare the results of the Analytical Dispersion Modelling Supercomputer System (ADMOSS), which is used for air pollution modeling in large areas, with the results of moss biomonitoring. For comparison purposes, air pollution mathematical modeling and the collection of moss samples for biomonitoring in the Czech-Polish-Slovak border area in the European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC) Tritia were carried out. Moss samples were analyzed by multi-element instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The INAA results were statistically processed using the correlation-matrix-based hierarchical clustering and correlation analysis of the biomonitoring results and ADMOSS results. Biomonitoring using bryophytes proved to be suitable for the verification of mathematical models of air pollution due to the ability of bryophytes to capture the long-term deposition of pollutants and the resulting possibility of finding the real distribution of pollutants in the area, as well as identify the specific chemical elements, the distribution of which coincides with the mathematical model.
Effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on air pollution in the Ostrava region
(MDPI, 2021) Bitta, Jan; Svozilík, Vladislav; Svozilíková Krakovská, Aneta
A proper estimation of anti-epidemic measures related to the influence of the COVID-19 outbreak on air quality has to deal with filtering out the weather influence on pollution concentrations. The goal of this study was to estimate the effect of anti-epidemic measures at three pollution monitoring stations in the Ostrava region. Meteorological data were clustered into groups with a similar weather pattern, and pollution data were divided into subsets according to weather patterns. Then each subset was evaluated separately. Our estimates showed a 4.1-5.7% decrease in NOx concentrations attributed to lower traffic intensity during the lockdown. The decrease of PM2.5 varied more significantly between monitoring stations. The highest decrease (4.7%) was detected at the traffic monitoring station, while there was no decrease detected at the rural monitoring station, which focuses mainly on domestic heating pollution. The key result of the study was the development of an analytical method that is able to take into account the effect of meteorological conditions. The method is much simpler and easy to replicate as an alternative to other published methods.
Flax-derived carbon: A highly durable electrode material for electrochemical double-layer supercapacitors
(MDPI, 2021) Jakubec, Petr; Bartusek, Stanislav; Dvořáček, Josef Jan; Šedajová, Veronika; Kupka, Vojtěch; Otyepka, Michal
Owing to their low cost, good performance, and high lifetime stability, activated carbons (ACs) with a large surface area rank among the most popular materials deployed in commercially available electrochemical double-layer (EDLC) capacitors. Here, we report a simple two-step synthetic procedure for the preparation of activated carbon from natural flax. Such ACs possess a very high specific surface area (1649 m(2) g(-1)) accompanied by a microporous structure with the size of pores below 2 nm. These features are behind the extraordinary electrochemical performance of flax-derived ACs in terms of their high values of specific capacitance (500 F g(-1) at a current density of 0.25 A g(-1) in the three-electrode setup and 189 F g(-1) at a current density of 0.5 A g(-1) in two-electrode setup.), high-rate stability, and outstanding lifetime capability (85% retention after 150,000 charging/discharging cycles recorded at the high current density of 5 A g(-1)). These findings demonstrate that flax-based ACs have more than competitive potential compared to standard and commercially available activated carbons.
A new GIS-compatible methodology for visibility analysis in digital surface models of earth sites
(Elsevier, 2021) Růžičková, Kateřina; Růžička, Jan; Bitta, Jan
As a GIS tool, visibility analysis is used in many areas to evaluate both visible and non-visible places. Visibility analysis builds on a digital surface model describing the terrain morphology, including the position and shapes of all objects that can sometimes act as visibility barriers. However, some barriers, for example vegetation, may be permeable to a certain degree. Despite extensive research and use of visibility analysis in different areas, standard GIS tools do not take permeability into account. This article presents a new method to calculate visibility through partly permeable obstacles. The method is based on a quasi-Monte Carlo simulation with 100 iterations of visibility calculation. Each iteration result represents 1% of vegetation permeability, which can thus range from 1% to 100% visibility behind vegetation obstacles. The main advantage of the method is greater accuracy of visibility results and easy implementation on any GIS software. The incorporation of the proposed method in GIS software would facilitate work in many fields, such as architecture, archaeology, radio communication, and the military.
The neural network assisted land use regression
(MDPI, 2021) Bitta, Jan; Svozilík, Vladislav; Svozilíková Krakovská, Aneta
Land Use Regression (LUR) is one of the air quality assessment modelling techniques. Its advantages lie mainly in a much simpler mathematical apparatus, quicker and simpler calculations, and a possibility to incorporate more factors affecting pollutant concentration than standard dispersion models. The goal of the study was to perform the LUR model in the Polish-Czech-Slovakian Tritia region, to test two sets of pollution data input factors, i.e., factors based on emission data and pollution dispersion model results, to test regression via neural networks and compare it with standard linear regression. Both input datasets, emission data and pollution dispersion model results, provided a similar quality of results in the case when standard linear regression was used, the R-2 of the models was 0.639 and 0.652. Neural network regression provided a significantly higher quality of the models, their R-2 was 0.937 and 0.938 for the factors based on emission data and pollution dispersion model results respectively.
Characterization of PM10 sampled on the top of a former mining tower by the high-volume wind direction-dependent sampler using INNA
(MDPI, 2021) Pavlíková, Irena; Hladký, Daniel; Motyka, Oldřich; Vergel, Konstantin N.; Strelkova, Ludmila P.; Shvetsova, Margarita S.
The PM10 concentrations in the studied region (Ostravsko-karvinska agglomeration, Czech Republic) exceed air pollution limit values in the long-term and pose a significant problem for human health, quality of life and the environment. In order to characterize the pollution in the region and identify the pollution origin, Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) was employed for determination of 34 elements in PM10 samples collected at a height of 90 m above ground level. From April 2018 to March 2019, 111 PM10 samples from eight basic wind directions and calm and two smog situations were sampled. The elemental composition significantly varied depending on season and sampling conditions. The contribution of three important industrial sources (iron and steelworks, cement works) was identified, and the long-range cross-border transport representing the pollution from the Polish domestic boilers confirmed the most important pollution inflow during the winter season.
Analysis of spatial data from moss biomonitoring in Czech-Polish border
(MDPI, 2020) Svozilíková Krakovská, Aneta; Svozilík, Vladislav; Zinicovscaia, Inga; Vergel, Konstantin; Jančík, Petr
The purpose of the study was the analysis of spatial data gained by biomonitoring with the use of mosses. A partial goal was set to characterize the regional atmospheric deposition of pollutants in the air based on the results of the analyses and simultaneously verify the suitability of using mosses as an alternative for monitoring air quality in smaller industrial areas. In total, 93 samples of moss were collected and examined from the area of the Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic and the area of the Silesian Voivodship in Poland. The samples were analyzed using instrumental neutron activation analysis. Based on the analyses performed, 38 elements, which had been evaluated using principal component analysis, hierarchical clustering on principal components, factor analysis, correlation analysis, contamination factor, geoaccumulation index, enrichment factor, and pollution load index, were determined. The analyses resulted in a division of elements into a group with its concentrations close to the level of the values of the natural background and the second group of elements identified as emission likely originating from anthropogenic activity (Sm, W, U, Tb, and Th). The likely dominant source of emissions for the studied area was identified. Simultaneously, the results pointed to sources of local importance. The area of interest was divided into clusters according to the prevailing type of pollution and long-distance transmission of pollutants was confirmed.
Production of hydrogen over Ni/carbonaceous catalyst
(Elsevier, 2020) Leštínský, Pavel; Zikmund, Zdeněk; Grycová, Barbora; Ryczkowski, R.; Grams, J.; Inayat, Amer
Catalytic materials for hydrogen production were synthesized by impregnating waste spruce sawdust with nickel nitrate followed by microwave pyrolysis. Ni/carbonaceous materials thus obtained were tested as catalyst for dry reforming of methane as well as for upgrading of organic vapours from biomass pyrolysis. Among five samples synthesized with different amount of Ni on carbonaceous support, the sample with 13.2 wt% Ni showed the highest CH4 and CO2 conversion for dry reforming at 800 degrees C. The yields of 31.4 vol% for H-2 and 39.0 vol% for CO were recorded. The catalyst sample exhibited only a small decrease in activity after 6 h of time-on-stream. The same sample was applied as catalyst for upgrading of organic vapours from thermal pyrolysis of spruce sawdust and cellulose. A considerable increase in H-2 content (i.e. from 1.2 to 14.1 mmol g(-1)) in the product mixture was observed. The main advantage of using carbonaceous support is its resistance towards rapid deactivation due to coke deposition. This advantage can be exploited by using it as catalyst support in reactions that suffer from such catalyst deactivation. Furthermore, the honeycomb-like structure and morphology of carbonaceous materials can promote mass transfer around catalytically active sites that can be beneficial in reactions involving large molecules.
Moss biomonitoring and air pollution modelling on a regional scale: delayed reflection of industrial pollution in moss in a heavily polluted region?
(Springer Nature, 2020) Motyka, Oldřich; Pavlíková, Irena; Bitta, Jan; Frontasyeva, Marina; Jančík, Petr
A passive biomonitoring survey using terrestrial mosses was performed in a heavily polluted industrial region on the border between Czechia and Poland in a regular grid of 41 sampling points. The concentrations of 38 elements were determined in the moss samples, using Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA). Simultaneously, air pollution modelling was performed using the Czech reference methodology Symos'97 for the year of the sampling (2015) and 3 years prior (2012) in order to compare the results of both the approaches and evaluate the credibility of the moss biomonitoring method. The NAA results were transformed according to the principles of compositional data analysis and assessed using hierarchical clustering on principal components. The resulting clusters were compared with the results of air pollution modelling using one-way analysis of variance. The association of determined clusters with the pollution from industrial sources was confirmed only for the results of the 2012 modelling. This validates the complementarity of the air pollution modelling and the moss biomonitoring, ascertains the moss biomonitoring as a valid method for long-term pollution assessment and confirms one of the fundamentals of moss biomonitoring, the reflection of the atmospheric conditions prevailing in the period before the sampling.
Air pollution dispersion modelling using spatial analyses
(MDPI, 2018) Bitta, Jan; Pavlíková, Irena; Svozilík, Vladislav; Jančík, Petr
Air pollution dispersion modelling via spatial analyses (Land Use Regression-LUR) is an alternative approach to the standard air pollution dispersion modelling techniques in air quality assessment. Its advantages are mainly a much simpler mathematical apparatus, quicker and simpler calculations and a possibility to incorporate more factors affecting pollutant's concentration than standard dispersion models. The goal of the study was to model the PM10 particles dispersion via spatial analyses in the Czech-Polish border area of the Upper Silesian industrial agglomeration and compare the results with the results of the standard Gaussian dispersion model SYMOS'97. The results show that standard Gaussian model with the same data as the LUR model gives better results (determination coefficient 71% for Gaussian model to 48% for LUR model). When factors of the land cover were included in the LUR model, the LUR model results improved significantly (65% determination coefficient) to a level comparable with the Gaussian model. A hybrid approach of combining the Gaussian model with the LUR gives superior quality of results (86% determination coefficient).
The pyrolytic-plasma method and the device for the utilization of hazardous waste containing organic compounds
(Elsevier, 2016) Opalińska, Teresa; Wnęk, Bartłomiej; Witowski, Artur; Juszczuk, Rafał; Majdak, Małgorzata; Bartusek, Stanislav
This paper is focused on the new method of waste processing. The waste, including hazardous waste, contain organic compounds. The method consists in two main processes: the pyrolysis of waste and the oxidation of the pyrolytic gas with a use of non-equilibrium plasma. The practical implementation of the method requires the design, construction and testing of the new device in large laboratory scale. The experiments were carried out for the two kinds of waste: polyethylene as a model waste and the electronic waste as a real waste. The process of polyethylene decomposition showed that the operation of the device is correct because 99.74% of carbon moles contained in the PE samples was detected in the gas after the process. Thus, the PE samples practically were pyrolyzed completely to hydrocarbons, which were completely oxidized in the plasma reactor. It turned out that the device is useful for decomposition of the electronic waste. The conditions in the plasma reactor during the oxidation process of the pyrolysis products did not promote the formation of PCDD/Fs despite the presence of the oxidizing conditions. An important parameter determining the efficiency of the oxidation of the pyrolysis products is gas temperature in the plasma reactor.
Metallurgical source-contribution analysis of PM10 annual average concentration: A dispersion modeling approach in moravian-silesian region
(Hrvatsko Metalurško Društvo, 2013) Jančík, Petr; Pavlíková, Irena
The goal of the article is to present analysis of metallurgical industry contribution to annual average PM10 concentrations in Moravian-Silesian based on means of the air pollution modelling in accord with the Czech reference methodology SYMOS´97.

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