GeoScience Engineering. 2009, vol. 55

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10084/83574

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Now showing 1 - 20 out of 29 results

Data collection for development of assessment methods of firm roof failure based on mine surveying observations
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Jiránková, Eva; Mučková, Jitka
The assessment method of roof failure is based on the interpretation of mine surveying observations depending on the pettern of rock mass. This method conduces to recognize the condition, when a firm roof deformation occurred. If no complete failure of firm overlaying strata occurs, the surroundings of the mined out area is considerably surcharged and the risk of anomalous geo-machanical phenomena substantially increaases.
Analysis and calculation of residual stress in carbon nanotube reinforced magnesium matrix composites
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Li, Sinian; Wang, Yang; Rümmeli, M. H.; Vlček, Jaroslav; Pištora, Jaromír; Lesňák, Michal
In this paper we present analysis of interfaces bonding conditions and fracture mechanism in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reinforced by Mg matrix composites. The CNTs play a very important role in stress transfer, because they can bear larger stress in the process of deformation. We keep the hypothesis that the strengthening of Mg matrix composites is mainly caused by different thermal expansion coefficients in CNTs and matrix. For this reason, the model of enhancement of thermal residual stress was proposed; where its magnitude has been estimated by strengthening model formulas. The results were compared with the experimental author’s data from a previous work with good agreement.
Industrial utilization of single-image photogrammetry
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Stavařová, Lucie
Single-image photogrammetry is today only a marginally used surveying method. In the project of diagnostics of rotary kilns a non-contact method is searched, which may help and speed up the overall surveying and evaluating work. Thus also a possibility is looked for to use the single-image photogrammetry during the survey.
Comparison of yield of tires pyrolysis in laboratory and pilot scales
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Čížková, Adéla; Juchelková, Dagmar
The contribution deals with the pyrolysis of waste tires of passenger vehicles and trucks. During the pyrolysis pyrolytic char, oil and gas occur. Within the research a yield of individual fractions determined according to ČSN ISO 647 and a pilot scale test was performed, in order to carry out basic physical and chemical characteristics of pyrolytic char. During the test according to ČSN ISO 647 about 39 % of pyrolytic char, 44 % of tar occurred and by 16 % the gaseous phase was represented. During the pilot scale test the material was pyrolyzed up to the temperature of 600 °C, heating rate was set to 2.7 °C/min and residence time was 60 min. Under the given conditions the tire pyrolysis passes over at temperatures from 175 to 500 °C. We obtained 51.74 % of organic liquid, 39.16 % of char, 8.94 % of gas and 1.16 % of orogenic water. A problem of further use of the pyrolytic char may be a high content of zinc and other ballast inorganic substances.
SPR approach for determination of temperature water refractive index alterations
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Wang, Yang; Pištora, Jaromír; Lesňák, Michal; Vlček, Jaroslav; Staněk, František
The paper is devoted to surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique applied to the specification of refractive index deviation. The main idea is concentrated to specify the possibilities of SPR for the study of water refractive index changes influenced by temperature. Special attention was devoted to the comparison of experimental results with theoretical predictions.
Possibilities of utilization of SIT program for optimization of ventilation in area endangered by spontaneous combustion
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Zapletal, Pavel
V tomto článku je názorně na konkrétním praktickém případě předvedena možnost využití programu SIT, ve verzi 2.39, pro optimalizaci pomocí regulace ve větrní síti vedoucí k omezení průtahů závalovými prostory popř. obecně horninovým masívem v oblastech ohrožených samovznícením. Před samotným započetím optimalizace rozložení tlakových spádů je potřebné důkladně analyzovat výchozí stav. Znamená to, že je potřeba z hlediska stavby horninového masívu a jeho porušenosti geologickými procesy a předchozí hornickou činností vytipovat možné komunikace důlního ovzduší mezi jednotlivými důlními díly, které při prvním pohledu na mapovou dokumentaci větrání nejsou mnohdy zcela exaktně patrné.
Possibilities of using tracer gas
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Fiurášková, Denisa; Pavelek, Zdeněk
The paper describes hexafluoride sulfur (6SF) as a chemical compound and its chemical attributes. It also describes in detail a way of using 6SF as a tracer gas for analyses of mining ventilation. 6SF was investigated by the Bureau of Mines in the USA together with other organic and inorganic compounds and radioactive substances. 6SF was found as a suitable tracer gas. The next chapter deals with the application of 6SF (in situ) at the Frenštát Mine.
Oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Fenton reaction
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Malíková, Petra; Hajduková, Jitka; Nezvalová, Lucie
The paper deals with the oxidizing process (Fenton reaction) at degradation of organic pollutants from stream sediment. Oxidation was performed on sediments from the Černý příkop locality, which run through Ostrava Mariánské hory. It is location, which is negatively affected by industrial activities. The Fenton reaction is an oxidation reaction, when hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizer is used. First part of the experiment was the determination of an optimum dose of concentrated hydrogen peroxide. In the second part the effect of time and hydrogen peroxide concentration was examined on efficiency of the Fenton reaction.
Numerical solution of hard rock disintegration process
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Frydrýšek, Karel; Gondek, Horst
This paper is focused on a numerical analysis of the hard rock (ore) disintegration process. There is discussed the possibility of using computational modelling for the mechanical contact problem between the hard rock and a cutting bit. The bit (i.e. an excavation tool with a flat frontal side and a conical edge) moves and sinks into the hard rock and subsequently disintegrates it. The whole problem of the hard rock disintegration process (i.e. stress-strain relationship, contact forces, reaction forces and fracture of the ore) is solved via Finite Element Method (MSC.MARC/MENTAT software). The rock disintegration process was solved via deactivation of finite elements which satisfy conditions of fracture. Some results (i.e. reaction forces in the cutting bit) are also compared with experimental measurements.
Evaluation of innovative quality of business environment of Moravia-Silesia Region in pre-accession period of Czech Republic into European Union
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Černý, Igor
With regard to the transformation of centrally planned economy to market economy there have occurred great changes in the business environment under new conditions in the pre-accession period of the Czech Republic into the European Union. The business environment is very various, dynamic and complex. It is influenced by many factors, which can have positive or negative impacts on the environment. These factors can be included into 6 groups. There are business factors, labour factors, infrastructural factors, local factors, price factors and environmental factors. The paper deals with the evaluation of the innovative quality of business environment based on these factors. For this purpose a methodology of the evaluation it is worked out. It is applied to the evaluation of the innovative quality of business environment of the Moravian-Silesian Region and of other Czech regions in the pre-accession period of the Czech Republic into the European Union. Finally, changes in the business environment of the Moravian-Silesian Region after the accession to the European Union are described in this paper.
Utilization of meteorological radars for forecast of precipitation and visualization of information
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Juřikovská, Lucie; Voženílek, Vít
The meteorological radar provides today frequently utilized information on the current weather state and development. In combination with the data from precipitation stations it allows very precise weather estimates and forecasts. Theis paper deals with principles and errors of meteorological radars and types of visualization of radar signals and estimates of precipitation totals within nowcasting.
Dynamic visualization in transport domain
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Hrubá, Lucie
Cartography as a discipline with a rich history, analogously to other sciences, went during last years through a tremendous development, namely especially due to rapid advances in technologies. The digital technologies cause changes virtually in all scientific disciplines, not excepting cartography. In the field of cartography they bring new methods of data processing and new ways of presentation as well. Therewith a different view of map and reader’s relation to map is related. However, such changes open quite new possibilities of phenomenon representations on maps. One of the possibilities is the utilization of dynamic visualization in computer cartography, namely not only for expressing phenomenon dynamics, but also for attracting attention of the user to significant phenomena or objects. Methods being used for paper maps can be adapted and extended by advanced expression means of computer cartography to interpret dynamics of spatial phenomena. In introduction the contribution deals briefly with trends in up-to-date computer cartography. In its further part it then deals with a concept of dynamic visualization and methods of dynamic representation below demonstrated on examples of applications in the transport domain. Transport as a spatial and time-variable phenomenon is a perfect application field for the utilization of computer cartography methods and especially for the utilization of dynamic visualization. We might provide a whole series of examples and suggestions for its utilization, however the contribution does not set the aim of introducing their detailed overview. The contribution is focused on creating a brief overview of techniques of dynamic representation being used for visualization with illustrative examples in the transport domain.
Traffic accesibility modelling of the municipalities in the Czech Republic
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Šeděnková, Monika
For modelling and assessment of traffic accessibility and serviceability in the meaning of creation a coherent system a lot of methods is applied that use geoinformation systems such as e.g. analyses of results of Census of Population, Housholds and Flats (CPHF), network analyses, analyses of timetables, applications of gravity-operated models, traffic inquiries, field surveys, records of ticket sales etc. Since 2006 VSB-TU Ostrava has prepared a database of traffic connections for needs of the Integrated information portal of the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs ( MoLSA) of the Czech republic and further activities of MoLSA and EO. Today the database involves records of traffic connections between individual municipalities of the Czech republic through the use of public transport for periods suitable for current commutation. Connections are chosen based on several criteria from the list of connections searched out by the Timetables application of the CHAPS spol. s.r.o. company. The database is used for searching job vacancies accessible by public transport from the place of residence on an information portal and also from agents at employment offices, the next utilization is e.g. in the area of assessment of investment projects in a department of labour market analyses. Over the years the database was subject to many changes. Both in searching method and volume of data to be processed. A goal of this contribution is to do a brief summarization of the database development over the years, its utilization in modelling traffic accessibility as well as future prospects.
Possibilities of treatment and utilization of sludges from desulphation of mine waters
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Hajduková, Jitka; Vidlář, Jiří
In this contribution problems of sludges produced during the desulphation process of mine waters is solved, developed in the Institute of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Mining and Geology, VSB-TU Ostrava. The sludge comes from chemical precipitation of sulphate ions during their reaction with a combination of ions Ca2+, Al3+, OH-, AlO2-. The laboratory tests were done on the mine water samples from the locality of the pit Jiří, Sokolovská uhelná, právní nástupce a.s.. These waters are loaded by a high concentration of sulphate ions (1 100 mg.l-1) and low pH (2,8). The first part was specialized on testing of efficiency of the desulphation method of IEI-HGF, VSB-TU. The next part was focused on a possibility of utilization of the sludges as donors of aluminium ions, repeatedly usable in the process of desulphation.
Area decontamination for future Industrial Zone in Mošnov
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Santarius, Andrzej
Changes occurring in the Industrial Zone in Mošnov, which rest in the preparation of sites suitable for the development of industries, have been slowed down; among others, due to the remains of the operation of the civil and military airport in the past. One of many types of work executed there rests in the decontamination of some parts of the site, old and abandoned facilities serving for the airport operation, utilities and an underground wall. The total area is 26.6 hectares.
Research of application of dynamic penetration eest for improvement of engineering geological investigation possibilities in Ostrava Basin
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Fuka, Matěj; Marschalko, Marian; Křístková, Veronika; Kovář, Luděk
The study deals with a dynamic penetration representing a field survey method using which according to a resistance occurred during penetration of rods provided with a tip into the soils being surveyed their selected physical or mechanical properties and layers interface are investigated. The dynamic penetration is performed so that the rods are driven in by hammer strokes with a specified mass and height of drop, during which time the number of strokes is recorded required for penetration of rods of a specified length (as a rule 10-20 cm). A measured characteristics is a specific dynamic penetration resistance representing the tip resistance in the dynamic penetration test. A study localization is bound to a chosen part of the Ostrava Basin. A goal of the study is an investigation of an application of the dynamic penetration in a chosen part of the Ostrava Basin for needs of improvement of engineering geological investigation possibilities in this area, hereat typical dynamic resistances for corresponding categories of foundation soils were investigated.
Geotechnical soil properties of Podkrušnohorská overburden dump
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Mikoláš, Milan
Since the very beginning of its development the brown coal openwork in Sokolov area has been marked by lack of overburden dumps for piling up overburden materials. Under these circumstances virtually all of these overburden dumps of operating opencast mines were fully or partially built up on a seam area and overlap part of coal reserves not being in the past designed for mining, or with awareness of necessary partial extraction in the future. The overburden dump management works continually with tense balance of discharging areas, therefore it was always necessary to use the discharging areas to the maximum. Many measures were worked out for the purpose. We can say that without these measures we could not solve a whole series of complicated conditions of overburden dumps structure in this area and thus in some degree ensure reliability of dump capacities.
About asymmetry of a hypersound shock wave
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Shkumatov, Alexander; Moroz, Oleg; Kendjukh, Sergey
The analysis of basic approaches on improving of rock blasting is made. The components of an explosive impulse are described. The result is that the technique of laboratory researches of the blast-hole refractor effects on the radial impulse of explosion. The estimation of experiments’ results is done. The results of industrial applications on Ukrainian mines are given. The future directions are planed.
Possibilities of utilization of gas reserves in abandoned underground as energy resources
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Trejbal, Zdeněk
New problems revealed after finishing outputs in the coal mines in the Czech Republic and in another countries, too. The economic situation at the end of the last century led to an intense restriction of mining and the mines were closed. In many cases, as well in Ostrava-Karvina basin also the mine ventilation and degasification were interrupted. During the closing of the mines, especially the shafts and mine workings connected underground areas with the surface, laws of gas distribution were not respected often enough. It resulted in the known problems of gas emissions to the surface. The closed underground thus represents a gas reservoir where the gas is not only gathered, but also produced. So there is a possibility to use the gas as a potential power resource.
Automatic retrieval within water-related pictures database using latent semantic indexing method
(Vysoká škola báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava. Hornicko-geologická fakulta, 2009) Praus, Petr; Praks, Pavel
The Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) method was used for the automatic retrieval of similar images within a database containing 232 water-related landscape images. The principle of LSI is the images dimensionality reduction and the computation of cosine similarity between a query image and other images from the database. The optimal image dimensionality reduction parameter k was determined by means of a scree plot, which is used in principal component analysis. Using k = 8, the photographs displaying similar-looking objects were found. Presented results indicate that low or too high k values can cause a loss of useful information or on the contrary a redundancy of information noise in the analysed images, respectively.

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